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What is geographic tongue?

Geographic tongue is a common condition. It appears on the top and sides of the tongue, and sometimes under the tongue. The tongue has irregular, smooth, red areas that may resemble the outline of a map. There are usually wavy white lines next to the red spots.

You may notice that after a few weeks or months, the position of these red lines and spots changes.

Why does geographic language occur?

This is due to the way the "old" surface of the language replaces and renews itself. The top layer of the "skin" of the tongue does not shed evenly. In some areas, the "skin" comes off too soon and leaves a red, painful area, like a scratch on the skin. In other places, the skin stays in place too long and turns white.

Red areas, because they are thin, can sometimes become infected with thrush (candida) and be painful. Thrush is very common in the mouth.

Who is affected by it?

Thrush affects all age groups and you can have it -being noticed for the first time when you were a child. It is not a disease that can be transmitted to other people, but it can be hereditary. It is not an infection.

What makes it worse?

As the red patches are thin and raw, they have tend to be painful when you eat acidic foods like citrus fruits or spicy foods, especially chili peppers. However, these foods do not worsen the disease itself. You will quickly notice which foods make the condition more uncomfortable or painful.

Do I need any special tests?

No. Your doctor or dental team can diagnose the problem by examining your tongue.

How is it treated?

Unfortunately, there is no no treatment. Sometimes treatments for thrush can ease the discomfort (for example, miconazole gel). You can buy them at the pharmacy. Geographic tongue will never become cancerous, but you will have to learn to live with it. You will need to determine for yourself which foods make it worse and avoid them.

What should I do if it gets worse in some way ?

Ask your doctorin or to your dentist to send you to the hospital.

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